Tip of the Day!
Women: Attend To Your
Heart Now, Not Later
Making change before menopause lowers
heart disease risk
By Jennifer Warner
March 7, 2003 -- A woman's risk of heart disease will increase once she reaches menopause, and making healthy lifestyle changes in the years before menopause may be a woman's best defense. A new study shows women may be less likely to require treatment for heart disease after menopause if they incorporate lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, improving their diet, and increasing physical activity before they reach age 55.
Regardless of their health, women are bumped into a higher risk category for heart disease once they reach menopause. But by targeting risk factors for heart disease in the years preceding menopause, a time known as perimenopause, researchers say women can lower their risk and reduce the need for later treatment.
"The idea was to look at where the women are now, in terms of risk factors, and then try to predict where they will be when they reach age 55," says researcher Carol Derby, PhD, assistant professor of neurology and epidemiology and social medicine at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City, in a news release.
At this age, women may need cholesterol-lowering therapy or lifestyle modifications to lower their risks of heart disease based on the number of risk factors they have. Other risks factors include smoking, high blood pressure, poor cholesterol levels, body mass index (BMI, a measure of weight in relation to height used to determine obesity) and having a family history of early heart disease.
"Even if everything else were constant and there were no age-related changes in heart disease risk factors, just crossing the age threshold will make a lot more people eligible for treatment, according to the latest guidelines," says Derby.
Derby presented the findings of the study this week at the American Heart Association's 43rd Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention in Miami.
Researchers evaluated risk factors for heart disease in a group of 1,349 women between the ages of 42 and 52.
Overall, they found that these risk factors made 9.5% and 5% of the women eligible for lifestyle modification alone or in combination with drug treatment, respectively, in order to reduce cholesterol levels, according to current treatment guidelines.
Researchers then applied the age-related risks and found that the number of women who would require some type of intervention to lower "bad" LDL cholesterol increased by 19%. Lifestyle modification would increase by 5% and the number of women who would need cholesterol-lowering medications would increased by 2%. Those increases suggest that almost 20% of these women would become eligible for some sort of cholesterol-lowering therapy after age 55.
The magnitude of the shift in risk associated with age was greatest among Hispanics and blacks. The study estimated that 27% of Hispanic women and 23% of black women would require treatment after age 55, compared with 19% of whites, 11% of Japanese, and 8% of Chinese women.
"If efforts to modify risk factors are not successful during the pre- and perimenopausal years, large numbers of women, particularly Black and Hispanic women, will rather abruptly require more aggressive treatment during their postmenopausal years," write the researchers.
SOURCES: American Heart Association's 43rd Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Miami, March 5-8, 2003. News release, American Heart Association.
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